MotherBoard

BAGAIMANAKAH SEBUAH MOTHERBOARD BEKERJA
1. Motherboard ( Papan Induk )
2. Socket and CPU ( CPU dan Soketnya )
3. Chipset ( Merek IC pendukung )
4. Bus Speed ( Kecepatan Bus data )
5. Memory and Other Fitur ( Memori dan Fitur yang lain )

1. MotherBoard
( Papan Induk )
Papan induk ini memiliki fungsi penting, sehingga sebuah komputer harus memilikinya. Tugas utama Motherboard adalah menjaga atau sebagai tempat microprosesor dan segala sesuatu yang dapat dipasang pada papan itu. Segala sesuatu tersebut dapat dipasangkan ketika disediakan beberapa soket berupa Slot maupun Port.

Form Factor
.
Papan motherboard baik dari atas maupun dari bawah dinamakan Form Factor. Form factor memberikan pengaruh pada masing- masing komponen untuk dapat bekerja dengan baik dan melekat pada body computer secara utuh. Ada beberapa form spesifik yang harus dipenuhi sehingga semuanya dapat terpasang dengan kategori baik pada body computer.
Form Factor hanya memiliki satu dari sekian jenis standart yang terkait dengan Motherboard. Beberapa standart lain mencakup :
Socket for the microprocessor ( soket dari mikroprosesor ) menyesuaikan antara mikroprosesor dengan motherboard yang digunakan. Chipset merupakan salah satu bagian dari motherboard sistem logik ( motherboard’s logic system ) dan selalu disusun dari 2 bagian yakni northbridge dan southbridge (jembatan utara dan jembatan selatan ). Dua buah jembatan ini menghubungkan CPU pada bagian- bagian lagi dari sebuah komputer.
Sistem utama peralatan input dan output ( Basic Input/ output System/ BIOS ) yang berupa IC mengatur/ mengontrol sebagian besar fungsi- fungsi utama dari sebuah komputer dan kemampuannya di dalam uji coba ketika kita menjalankannya. Beberapa sistem fitur ganda BIOS, yang mampu mengatasi beberapa kesalahan atau beberapa kasus kerusakan/kesalahan selama kegiatan pembaharuan pengaturan.
Batere IC pewaktu adalah batere pensuplai yang mengatur pengaturan utama dan sistem waktu.

Resonance and Wireless Power
Household devices produce relatively small magnetic fields. For this reason, chargers hold devices at the distance necessary to induce a current, which can only happen if the coils are close together. A larger, stronger field could induce current from farther away, but the process would be extremely inefficient. Since a magnetic field spreads in all directions, making a larger one would waste a lot of energy.
In November 2006, however, researchers at MIT reported that they had discovered an efficient way to transfer power between coils separated by a few meters. The team, led by Marin Soljacic, theorized that they could extend the distance between the coils by adding resonance to the equation.
Photo courtesy Stock.exchngA trumpet's size, shape and material composition determine its resonant frequency.
A good way to understand resonance is to think of it in terms of sound. An object's physical structure -- like the size and shape of a trumpet -- determines the frequency at which it naturally vibrates. This is its resonant frequency. It's easy to get objects to vibrate at their resonant frequency and difficult to get them to vibrate at other frequencies. This is why playing a trumpet can cause a nearby trumpet to begin to vibrate. Both trumpets have the same resonant frequency.
Research at MIT indicates that induction can take place a little differently if the electromagnetic fields around the coils resonate at the same frequency. The theory uses a curved coil of wire as an inductor. A capacitance plate, which can hold a charge, attaches to each end of the coil. As electricity travels through this coil, the coil begins to resonate. Its resonant frequency is a product of the inductance of the coil and the capacitance of the plates.
The MIT wireless power project uses a curved coil and capacitive plates.
As with an electric toothbrush, this system relies on two coils. Electricity, traveling along an electromagnetic wave, can tunnel from one coil to the other as long as they both have the same resonant frequency. The effect is similar to the way one vibrating trumpet can cause another to vibrate.
As long as both coils are out of range of one another, nothing will happen, since the fields around the coils aren't strong enough to affect much around them. Similarly, if the two coils resonate at different frequencies, nothing will happen. But if two resonating coils with the same frequency get within a few meters of each other, streams of energy move from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil. According to the theory, one coil can even send electricity to several receiving coils, as long as they all resonate at the same frequency. The researchers have named this non-radiative energy transfer since it involves stationary fields around the coils rather than fields that spread in all directions.
According to the theory, one coil can recharge any device that is in range, as long as the coils have the same resonant frequency.
The MIT team's preliminary work suggests that this kind of setup could power or recharge all the devices in one room. Some modifications would be necessary to send power over long distances, like the length of a building or a city. The team is making progress -- in June 2007, the MIT team published a paper detailing a successful demonstration of their prototype. They used resonating coils to power a light bulb over a distance of about seven feet (two meters) [Source: PhysOrg].
Other wireless power theories involve enormous distances -- like from space to the Earth. We'll look at those next.

How Wireless Power Works
by Tracy V. Wilson

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Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article:
Wilson, Tracy V. "How Wireless Power Works." 12 January 2007. HowStuffWorks.com. 07 January 2009.
Inside this Article
Introduction to How Wireless Power Works
Resonance and Wireless Power
Long-distance Wireless Power
Lots More Information
See all Solid State Electronics articles
Electronics Videos

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Did You Know?
The technology being used in wireless power was developed by NASA. Learn more about cool NASA innovations in this interactive animation from Discovery Channel.
Unless you are particularly organized and good with tie wrap, you probably have a few dusty power cord tangles around your home. You may have even had to follow one particular cord through the seemingly impossible snarl to the outlet, hoping that the plug you pull will be the right one. This is one of the downfalls of electricity. While it can make people's lives easier, it can add a lot of clutter in the process.
For these reasons, scientists have tried to develop methods of wireless power transmission that could cut the clutter or lead to clean sources of electricity. While the idea may sound futuristic, it isn't particularly new. Nicola Tesla proposed theories of wireless power transmission in the late 1800s and early 1900s. One of his more spectacular displays involved remotely powering lights in the ground at his Colorado Springs experiment station.
Tesla's work was impressive, but it didn't immediately lead to widespread, practical methods for wireless power transmission. Since then, researchers have developed several techniques for moving electricity over long distances without wires. Some exist only as theories or prototypes, but others are already in use. If you have an electric toothbrush, for example, you probably take advantage of one method every day.
Everyday EnergyThe wireless transmission of energy is common in much of the world. Radio waves are energy, and people use them to send and receive cell phone, TV, radio and WiFi signals every day. The radio waves spread in all directions until they reach antennae that are tuned to the right frequency. A similar method for transferring electrical power would be both inefficient and dangerous.
A toothbrush's daily exposure to water makes a traditional plug-in charger potentially dangerous. Ordinary electrical connections could also allow water to seep into the toothbrush, damaging its components. Because of this, most toothbrushes recharge through inductive coupling.
Photo courtesy Amazon.comMost electric toothbrushes recharge through inductive coupling.
Inductive coupling uses magnetic fields that are a natural part of current's movement through wire. Any time electrical current moves through a wire, it creates a circular magnetic field around the wire. Bending the wire into a coil amplifies the magnetic field. The more loops the coil makes, the bigger the field will be.
An electric toothbrush's base and handle contain coils that allow the battery to recharge.
If you place a second coil of wire in the magnetic field you've created, the field can induce a current in the wire. This is essentially how a transformer works, and it's how an electric toothbrush recharges. It takes three basic steps:
Current from the wall outlet flows through a coil inside the charger, creating a magnetic field. In a transformer, this coil is called the primary winding.
When you place your toothbrush in the charger, the magnetic field induces a current in another coil, or secondary winding, which connects to the battery.
This current recharges the battery.
You can use the same principle to recharge several devices at once. For example, the Splashpower recharging mat and Edison Electric's Powerdesk both use coils to create a magnetic field. Electronic devices use corresponding built-in or plug-in receivers to recharge while resting on the mat. These receivers contain compatible coils and the circuitry necessary to deliver electricity to devices' batteries.
­© Copyright Splashpower 2006A Splashpower mat uses induction to recharge multiple devices simultaneously.

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